The Hebrew's exodus from Egypt
Michele Manher
Italy
Summary: A significant quantity of clues, coincidences and cross-checks with the biblical tale, takes to the construction of a picture, coherent and self-sufficient, inside which the historical figure of Moses finds a precise temporal position, beginning from the moment of the exile, in the 47° year of kingdom of the pharaoh Toothmoses III, up to that of its return in country, early on in the kingdom of Amenhotp III.
It was really in that period that exploded the island of Thera in the Aegean sea, at 800 kms of distance from Egypt. The study of analogous explosions happened in recent epoches as those of Krakatoa (Sumatra) in 1886 or the one of the Mount Saint Helens (U.S.A.) in 1980, has shown that the so-called „plagues“ of Egypt, described in the Bible, are exactly what it happens on territories invested by the consequences of a violent eruptive phenomenon type volcanic.
But in that historical period, and in that geopolitical area, the consequences of the explosion of Thera were not only of physical and environmental nature, but also politics. As they show two very different documents among them - the Amarna tablet EA 9 written by the Babylonian sovereign Burnaburiash to Akenaten and the excerptions of the Manetho’s Aegyptiaca contained in the first book of the Flavius Josephus’ Contra Apionem - exactly early on in the kingdom of Amenhotp III a coalition of some Canaanites, Lebaneses and Syrians city-state organized a strong military expedition to invade Egypt, deeply affected by the consequences of that natural disaster.
Essentially for religious reasons, well explained by Manetho, the Egyptians didn't face directly with the weapons the invading army but evacuated the Delta, emptied the region of men, things and animals, with the purpose to take how much more possible from the plundering and the destruction.
Also the Israelites, that went out armed, as the Bible says, from the gates of Egypt on the way of Horus („the way of the Land of the Philistines“) they abdicated the battle against the Canaanites and, falling back to the Lake Timsah, they lured a part of the invading army in a trap: they made themselves follow in a depression of the ground surmounted by a dam of 12 meters high and, as soon as the Canaanites had gone down inside, the dam was stamped in few instants and the waters of the lake Timsah poured on the pursuers. The quoted documents prove the historical existence of this army of invasion, while other documents, analyzed in this essay, configure the presence of a dam long the lake Timsah and the fact that to pursue the Israelites were really the Canaanites and not an impossible army of the pharaoh. The army of the pharaoh, in fact, was under Moses’ orders.